Arnold’s Theory of Poetry as a Criticism of Life.
PremiumDiscuss Arnold’s theory of poetry as a criticism of life.
or, Arnold’s criticism of life in “The Scholar Gipsy.”
Matthew Arnold (1822-88) is a prominent Victorian poet. He believed that poetry should be a "criticism of life." This means poetry should reflect, analyze, and critique the realities and conditions of human existence. In "The Scholar-Gipsy," (1853) Arnold exemplifies this theory through his exploration of modern life versus an idealized, simpler existence. Here are points that illustrate how the poem serves as a criticism of life.
Critique of Modern Life's Discontent: Arnold uses the Scholar-Gipsy to highlight the dissatisfaction and weariness of modern existence. He describes modern life in such a way,
align: center;">This strange disease of modern life,With its sick hurry, its divided aims.
These lines emphasize how contemporary society is characterized by extreme busyness and lack of direction. This leads to a deep sense of unhappiness and weariness.Contrast with an Idealized Past: The poem presents the Scholar-Gipsy's life as a contrast to the chaos of modern life. The Scholar-Gipsy embodies a focused and purposeful existence. He is free from the distractions and pressures of contemporary society. Arnold writes,
This highlights a life devoted to a singular, meaningful quest. This contrast criticizes the fragmented nature of modern pursuits. It suggests a longing for a simpler, more dedicated way of living.Thou hadst one aim, one business, one desire;
Reflection on Immortality and Purpose: Arnold reflects on how the Scholar-Gipsy's relentless pursuit grants him a form of immortality. He is untouched by the wear and tear of time. Arnold states,
This line indicates that because the Scholar-Gipsy has not surrendered to the exhausting nature of modern life. He remains timeless.Thou hast not lived, why should'st thou perish, so?
In "The Scholar-Gipsy," Matthew Arnold uses the poem to reveal the scholar-gipsy's purposeful existence. Through this contrast, Arnold's poetry powerfully reflects on and criticizes the human condition.