poetry s antiquity and moral power above philosophy and history What kind of society did the Romantics live in Ans One valuing imagination over reality and poetry over prose How was England a police state then Ans By repressing opposition while fearing revolution abroad What did poetry imply in the Romantic period Ans Social political and philosophical meaning not just verse technique How was the Romantic artist s life Ans Marginal in society unpaid for truth-telling work What is the improbability of art and artefact Ans Ancient Greeks didn t see the Iliad as art like we see modern works What was the effect of aesthetics Ans It hid historical differences in art and artefacts How does the symbol become a panacea Ans It unites conflicts between subject and object mind and matter What was religion s state by the mid-Victorian period Ans Weakened by science and social change What worried the Victorian ruling class Ans Religion s decline as it was a strong tool of control How does religion work Ans Through images rituals and myths not just doctrines Who commented on England s sickness Ans George Gordon Oxford Professor of English literature What triple function did Gordon see for literature Ans To delight instruct and save souls healing the state How can literature inspire decent living Ans By showing eternal truths and beauty lifting people s views beyond daily struggles What should be literature s motive according to Eagleton Ans To nurture tolerance and generosity supporting social stability What were the purposes of cheap liberal education Ans Social unity sympathy national pride and moral values How does Eagleton view Scrutiny Ans A journal and cultural crusade that boosted English studies after WWI How did Scrutiny reshape English literature Ans Judged all fields by literature revising its scope from Chaucer to Emily Bront What is Eagleton s sarcastic remark on Scrutiny s organic society Ans An unreachable dream of reviving a golden past How does Eagleton define essential Englishness Ans Middle-class patriotism blended with folk tradition not upper-class snobbery How does Eagleton criticise Eliot s view on Tradition Ans Eliot s Tradition idea is mostly arbitrary What is Eagleton s comment on Eliot s Fisher King Ans Powerful images of rebirth offering unity beneath capitalism s surface What is practical criticism Ans Applying art principles and theory to evaluate specific works When did New Criticism evolve Ans In post WWI North America aiming to make criticism a professional discipline What is Eagleton s view of New Criticism Ans It was irrational tied to religious dogma and right-wing politics What kind of critic is Eagleton Ans A major Marxist critic linking literature to history and society What is the theme of The Rise of English Ans The growth of English literature under British imperial rule What does neoclassical mean Ans th-century art literature style based on ancient Greece and Rome What is the essay The Rise of English about Ans The development of English literature since the th century Why did English literature gain power Ans Largely due to wartime nationalism How did Eagleton see English after WWI Ans As a moral and spiritual tool for social reform What is great literature s nature Ans Created by great minds letting readers access their inner lives What is New Criticism Ans A mid- th-century approach treating works as self-contained art objects How does Eagleton define creative imagination Ans Spiritual and intuitive labour opposes rationalist ideologies What is Eagleton s view of organic societies Ans Myths used to criticise industrial life What is Marxist literary criticism Ans A historical approach linking literature to class and economics What was Scrutiny Ans A literary journal led by L C Knights and F R Leavis Mention one theme of The Rise of English Ans English literature s growth under British imperialism