of African people The British took farms and used the natives as cheap labor The people of Ilmorog once enjoyed unity peace and a stable land After colonization they lost all Ngugi writes For there are many questions about our history which remain unanswered This line highlights how colonial rulers concealed the truth about African history The colonized were made to forget their roots Their culture and pride were replaced by European control and greed Religion as a Colonial Tool The writer shows how religion helped the colonizers control the Africans The missionaries taught obedience not freedom Churches preached patience instead of resistance Ngugi s narrator says Christian Commerce Civilization the Bible the Coin the Gun Holy Trinity This short line captures the method of colonial domination The Bible came first to change the mind the coin to buy the land and the gun to force obedience Religion was not a blessing but a mask for slavery Education and Mental Slavery Ngugi also attacks the colonial education system Schools like Siriana train students to serve the white man s system Munira and Karega both study there and see how it shapes young Africans into followers The white headmaster Fraudsham and his student Chui represent this false learning Munira later becomes uneasy at any political talk The narrator says Any talk of colonialism made him uneasy This shows how colonial education kills courage and creates weak minds Betrayal of the Freedom Dream Ngugi connects colonial oppression with postcolonial betrayal The African leaders like Chui Kimeria and Mzigo copy their white masters They continue the same system of greed and class division Abdulla a Mau Mau hero loses his leg and his honor He remembers real heroes like Dedan Kimathi saying I wanted to see this black man who was but a voice a black power and whose military genius was recognised even by our enemy Through Abdulla s memory Ngugi glorifies the freedom fighters who truly loved their land Colonialism may have ended but its selfish spirit lives on in the new rulers Resistance and Hope for Renewal Ngugi s attitude toward colonialism is not only anger but also hope He believes that people like Karega and Wanja will rebuild Kenya through struggle The writer shows that true independence must come from the peasants and workers Wanja s pregnancy at the end becomes a symbol of renewal Her words I think I am with child indicate that new life will rise from suffering In termination Ngugi wa Thiong o exposes the cruel face of colonialism and its deep wounds on Kenya clearly He shows that the colonizers used religion education and violence to enslave both body and mind Yet he honors the people who resist and keep faith in freedom