ces of the people in the play. A good character shows what is right or wrong through actions. The hero should not be fully good or fully bad. He should be like us, but with some mistakes. The importance of character in a tragedy is as follows: 

“The plot, then, is the first essential of tragedy, its life-blood, so to speak, and character takes the second place.”

Thought (Dianoia): Thought means the ideas or messages in the tragedy. It shows what the characters think or believe. It includes logic, advice, or common truths. The thought gives meaning to the actions and helps the audience understand the play better.

Diction (Lexis): Diction means the use of words in the play. It includes word choice, sentence style, and dialogue. Good diction makes the lines beautiful and clear. It helps to express emotions and ideas. Both poetry and prose can have good diction.

Spectacle (Opsis): Spectacle means what we see on stage. This includes costumes, lights, stage design, and actions. Aristotle says spectacle is the least important. It depends on stage work, not poetry. A good tragedy can still be powerful without great visual effects.

Melody (Melos): Melody is the musical part of a tragedy. It is usually in the chorus. Melody adds rhythm and feeling. It makes the play more beautiful and emotional. Good use of song and music can touch the hearts of the audience deeply.

In short, all six elements are essential, but the plot is the soul of tragedy. The other parts help to support the plot. A strong story with the right actions and feelings can make a tragedy great. Together, they give a tragedy real tragic beauty and emotion.