Othello

Drama | William Shakespeare

Why does Iago stand for motive-hunting of motiveless malignity?

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Iago stands for motive-hunting of motiveless malignity. Do you agree? (2019) 

Iago is one of Shakespeare’s (1564-1616) most wicked and mysterious villains. In “Othello” (1622), he appears as the man who destroys others for no strong reason. His cruelty and deceit shock the readers. Samuel Taylor Coleridge (1772-1834) called him the “motive-hunting of motiveless malignity.” This phrase suggests that Iago commits crimes not from genuine motives, but out of his evil nature. He is evil for evil’s sake. His words, actions, and tactics reveal that he is a devil-like figure who takes pleasure in destruction.

Evil without Real Motive: Iago’s hatred for Othello has no apparent cause. He gives many reasons, but none are true. He says he hates Othello because he made Cassio his lieutenant. But this reason is weak. He also says Othello may have slept with his wife Emilia,

though he has no proof. He says, 

“I am not what I am.”

This line reveals that he hides his true face. He is false by nature, not by need. His evil comes from within, not from reason.

Jealousy and Hatred Mixed Together: Iago’s mind is full of envy and anger. He is jealous of Cassio’s promotion and of Othello’s love and fame. He feels small beside their greatness. When he sees Cassio’s polite manners, he says that Cassio has “a daily beauty in his life that makes me ugly.” His jealousy burns like fire. But his actions go beyond jealousy. He wants to destroy good people simply because they are better than him. His hate is senseless yet powerful.

Love of Evil and Deceit: Iago takes pleasure in his wicked acts. He lies and cheats only to taste the joy of evil. When he begins his plot, he says, 

“Hell and night must bring this monstrous birth to the world’s light.” 

These words show his dark joy in planning sin. He fools Othello, cheats Cassio, and uses Roderigo as his toy. He says proudly, 

“Thus do I ever make my fool my purse.” 

This indicates that he derives pleasure from exploiting others for his own selfish purposes.

Power over Othello’s Mind: Iago’s main success lies in his power to control Othello’s mind. He makes Othello doubt Desdemona’s honesty. He tells Othello, 

“Look to your wife; observe her well with Cassio.” 

These simple words plant deep suspicion in Othello’s heart. His poison of jealousy turns Othello’s love into hatred. Iago never forces Othello to act. He only whispers and lets Othello destroy himself. This cunning power makes Iago more evil and more frightening.

Complete Absence of Regret: Iago’s most shocking quality is his lack of remorse. He never feels sorry for his crimes. His lies ultimately lead to the deaths of Desdemona, Emilia, Roderigo, and Othello, yet he remains silent. His final words are, 

“From this time forth I never will speak word.” 

This silence shows his cold and heartless nature. He neither asks for mercy nor explains his reasons. His soul is empty of love and full of darkness. His evil has no end and no meaning.

In termination, Iago truly stands for the motive-hunting of motiveless malignity. His excuses are weak and false. His cruelty is born from envy, pride, and a love of evil. He destroys happiness only for his own pleasure. Shakespeare portrays him as the epitome of moral corruption. He is not human in heart but devilish in mind. His evil is purposeless yet perfectly planned.

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