haleque Bepari in “Tree Without Roots.”
“Tree Without Roots” (1948) is filled with a group of hypocritical characters. Khaleque Bepari is one of them. He represents the wealthy and religiously blind section of rural society. Though he is rich and influential in Mahabbatpur, he lacks wisdom and independence. Khaleque’s faith in Majeed turns him from a respected man into a helpless follower.
Wealthy yet Dependent: Khaleque Bepari is a rich landowner with two wives, Amena and Tanu Bibi. He owns lands and properties and has social influence. Yet, his mind is ruled by religious superstition. He spends his wealth on religious works: building the mosque, running the maktab, and changing the red cloth of the shrine every year. But all his good deeds are guided by Majeed’s will, not by his own sense.
Blind Faith in Majeed: Khaleque is entirely under the spell of Majeed. His blind faith makes him believe that Majeed is the only man of divine power. The line that follows reflects the religious madness that rules men like Khaleque:
“There are more tupees than heads of cattle, more tupees than sheaves of grass.”
He sees Majeed not as a man but as a guide sent by God.
Victim of Exploitation: Khaleque becomes a tool in Majeed’s hand. Majeed uses him to control the village and prove his own power. When Majeed falsely declares that Amena is unholy, Khaleque follows his order and divorces her. The narrator says,
“Majeed declared her as ‘fallen’ and therefore unfit as Bepari’s wife.”
This act reveals Khaleque’s weakness.
In short, Khaleque Bepari is a tragic symbol of the rich but blind believer. His faith makes him powerless and dependent on Majeed’s false spirituality.
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