Agamemnon

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Trace the origin of Greek tragedy with special reference to Aeschylus.

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Trace the origin of Greek tragedy with special reference to Aeschylus. [NU: 2014]

Aeschylus (525/524 BCE – 456/455 BCE) is called the “Father of Tragedy.” Greek tragedy grew from religious festivals of Dionysus. With Aeschylus, tragedy became serious art. He shaped themes, structure, and characters. His plays still influence literature.

Religious Origin: Greek tragedy began in Dionysian festivals. People sang hymns called dithyrambs. These were songs for the god of wine and fertility. From such songs, drama slowly appeared. The Chorus was the first form of performance. Later, dialogue and action developed.

Aeschylus’s Contribution: Aeschylus changed the form of tragedy. He introduced a second actor. This allowed dialogue, not only choral song. He reduced the Chorus role and gave importance to speech. This made the plays more dramatic. His work gave tragedy a new shape.

Theme of Justice: Aeschylus often wrote about divine justice. He believed crimes bring punishment. The Chorus in “Agamemnon” says, 

“The

man who sins is sinned against, the killer pays the price.” 

His plays show how sin passes through generations. Fate and guilt dominate human lives.

Moral and Religious Tone: Greek tragedy was not just entertainment. It taught moral lessons. Aeschylus believed suffering leads to wisdom. He writes, 

“The scales of Justice move to show wisdom comes through suffering.” 

His plays gave people lessons of respect for gods and law.

Legacy of Aeschylus: Aeschylus wrote about seventy plays. Only seven survive today. His Oresteia trilogy is his greatest work. He inspired later tragedians like Sophocles and Euripides. He gave Greek tragedy serious purpose. His use of myth and moral ideas made him unique.

Greek tragedy began in festivals and became great art with Aeschylus. He shaped its form, themes, and lessons. His use of justice, fate, and religion made tragedy timeless. He remains the true father of Greek tragedy.

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