What prompts Prospero's decision to renounce magic? (2021)

In “The Tempest” (1623), William Shakespeare (1564–1616) shows Prospero as a great magician. He rules a lonely island with Miranda, Ariel, and Caliban. His magic gives him power. But in the end, Prospero gives it up for peace, love, and forgiveness.

Ariel’s Words Awaken Prospero’s Humanity: Prospero uses his magic to punish his enemies, Alonso, Antonio, and Sebastian. They once took his dukedom. His spirit Ariel helps him in this plan. But Ariel sees their pain. He feels pity and says,

“Mine would, sir, were I human.”

Alonso’s Repentance and Forgiveness: Prospero meets Alonso. Alonso is the King of Naples. Prospero sees true repentance in him. Alonso asks for pardon, saying,

“Thou pardon me my wrongs.”

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Prospero’s Desire for a Human Life Again: Prospero understands that his daughter Miranda will marry Ferdinand and start a new life. His duty as a father and ruler is over. He wants to return to Milan and live as a simple man. He says,

“I’ll break my staff.”

“I’ll drown my book.”

Thus, Prospero gives up magic from his heart. Ariel’s pity moves him. Alonso’s sorrow touches him. He chooses peace over power. His real magic is mercy. The storm ends. The island sleeps. Prospero’s soul becomes free.